The Quesungual Slash and Mulch Agroforestry System (QSMAS) is a smallholder production system with a group of techniques for the sustainable management of vegetation, soil, and water resources in drought-prone hillsides.

QSMAS’ improved management is based on four key principles:
1. No slash and burn—partial, selective, and progressive management (“slash and prune”) of natural vegetation.
2. Permanent soil cover—continual deposition and distribution of mulch from biomass of trees, shrubs, weeds, and crop residues.
3. Minimal disturbance of soil—“no tillage” throughout the growing season; direct seeding.
4. Efficient use of fertilizers—appropriate application (timing, type, amount, location).

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